CA Foundation Syllabus & Subjects 2023 - Paper Wise Syllabus, Important Topics, Pattern
CA Foundation Syllabus 2023 - The Institute of Chartered Accountants releases the CA Foundation syllabus on its official website. The syllabus of CA Foundation 2023 provides complete details related to the purpose of teaching behind each paper, topics and sub-topics covered. Candidates can easily download the CA foundation syllabus pdf from the ICAI BoS Knowledge Portal. ICAI provides the CA Foundation exam syllabus free of cost, hence candidates do not need to pay any additional money to download the syllabus.
Latest Updates for CA Foundation Exam
- 10 Jan 2023:
ICAI has released the CA Foundation exam date for June 2023 session - Check here
- 30 Nov 2022:
ICAI CA Foundation Admit Card December 2022 out, download now!
- 10 Aug 2022:
CA Foundation June 2022 result declared, to check - Click here
Stay up-to date with CA Foundation Exam News

The CA Foundation syllabus 2023 provides details on all four main CA Foundation papers. Before commencing their preparation for the upcoming CA Foundation exam, candidates registered for the CA Foundation exam should refer to the syllabus. Understanding all the topics covered in the CA Foundation course syllabus will allow candidates to hold a better grip on each paper and thereby score higher marks.
CA Foundation Papers 2023
As per the exam pattern of CA Foundation 2023, there are four papers on which candidates need to focus while preparing for the exam. Each paper will be of 100 marks each.
Paper included in CA Foundation 2023 exam
Papers | Details |
Paper-1: | Principles and Practice of Accounting |
Paper-2: | Business Laws and Business Correspondence and Reportin3 |
Paper-3: | Business Mathematics, Logical Reasoning and Statistics |
Paper-4: | Business Economics and Business and Commercial Knowledge |
Comprehensive CA Foundation Syllabus 2023
On the basis of above-mentioned papers, the ICAI CA Foundation syllabus for the June 2023 exams will be as follows.
Paper-1: Principles and Practice of Accounting
Objective: To develop an understanding of the basic concepts and principles of accounting and acquire the ability to apply the same in preparing financial statements and simple problem-solving. | |
Topics | Sub-Topics |
Theoretical Framework | (i) Meaning and Scope of accounting (ii) Accounting Concepts, Principles and Conventions (iii) Accounting terminology - Glossary (iv) Capital and revenue expenditure, Capital and revenue receipts, Contingent assets and contingent liabilities (v) Accounting Policies (vi) Accounting as a Measurement Discipline - Valuation Principles, Accounting Estimates (vii) Accounting Standards - Concepts and Objectives (viii) Indian Accounting Standards - Concepts and Objectives |
Accounting Process | (i) Books of Accounts (ii) Preparation of Trial Balance (iii) Rectification of Errors |
Bank Reconciliation Statement | Introduction, reasons, preparation of bank reconciliation statement |
Inventories | Cost of inventory, Net realizable value, Basis and technique of inventory valuation and record keeping |
Concept and Accounting of Depreciation | Concepts, Methods of computation and accounting treatment of depreciation, Change in depreciation methods |
Accounting for Special Transactions | (i) Bills of exchange and promissory notes- Meaning of Bills of Exchange and Promissory Notes and their Accounting Treatment; Accommodation bills. (ii) Sale of goods on approval or return basis- Meaning of goods sent on approval or return basis and accounting treatment. (iii) Consignments- Meaning and Features of consignment business, Difference between sale and consignment, Accounting treatments for consignment transactions and events in the books of consignor and consignee. (iv) Average due Date- Meaning, Calculation of average due date in various situations. (v) Account Current- Meaning of Account Current, Methods of preparing Account Current |
Final Accounts of Sole Proprietors | Elements of financial statements, Closing Adjustment Entries, Trading Account, Profit and Loss Account and Balance Sheet of Manufacturing and Non-manufacturing entities |
Partnership Accounts | (i) Final Accounts of Partnership Firms (ii) Admission, Retirement and Death of a Partner including Treatment of Goodwill (iii) Introduction to LLPs and Distinction of LLPs from Partnership |
Financial Statements of Not-for-Profit Organizations | Significance of Receipt and Payment Account, Income and Expenditure Account and Balance Sheet, Difference between Profit and Loss Account and Income and Expenditure Account. Preparation of Receipt and Payment Account, Income and Expenditure Account and Balance Sheet |
Introduction to Company Accounts | (i) Definition of shares and debentures (ii) Issue of shares and debentures, forfeiture of shares, re-issue of forfeited shares (iii) Statement of Profit and Loss and Balance Sheet as per Schedule III to the Companies Act, 2013. |
Paper-2: Business Laws and Business Correspondence and Reporting (Section A : Business Law) - 60 Marks
Objective: To develop an understanding of significant provisions of select business laws and acquire the ability to address basic application-oriented issues. | |
Topics | |
The Indian Contract Act, 1872: An overview of Sections 1 to 75 covering the general nature of the contract, consideration, other essential elements of a valid contract, performance of a contract, breach of contract, Contingent and Quasi Contract. | |
The Sale of Goods Act, 1930: Formation of the contract of sale, Conditions and Warranties, Transfer of ownership and delivery of goods, Unpaid seller and his rights. | |
The Indian Partnership Act, 1932: General Nature of Partnership, Rights and duties of partners, Reconstitution of firms, Registration and dissolution of a firm. | |
The Limited Liability Partnership Act, 2008: Introduction- covering nature and scope, Essential features, characteristics of LLP, Incorporation and differences with other forms of organizations. | |
The Companies Act, 2013 : Essential features of company, corporate veil theory, Classes of companies, types of share capital, Incorporation of company, Memorandum of Association, Articles of Association, Doctrine of Indoor Management |
Paper-2: Business Laws and Business Correspondence and Reporting (Section B: Business Correspondence and Reporting) - 40 marks
Objective: To acquire and develop good communication skills requisite for business correspondence and reporting. | |
Topics | Sub-Topics |
Communication | (i) Types (ii) Directions (iii) Network (iv) Process (v) Problems (vi) Barriers (vii) Types of Communication - a) Interpersonal Skills b) Listening Skills c) Emotional Intelligence (viii) Sample Questions with Answers (ix) Exercises |
Sentence Types (Direct-Indirect, Active -Passive Speech) | (i) Sentence: Definition (ii) Classification of sentence based on connotation - a) Assertive sentences b) Interrogative sentences c) Imperative sentences d) Exclamatory sentences e) Optative sentences (iii) Sentence Structure - a) Subject and Predicate b) Verb (Auxiliary, Finite) c) Object (Direct, Indirect) d) Complement e) Adjunct or Adverbial f) Clause Structure g) Types of Clauses - Independent clauses - Dependent clauses - Relative or noun clauses (iv) Types of sentences a) Simple sentence b) Compound sentence c) Complex sentence d) Compound-complex sentence (v) Direct-Indirect Speech a) Introduction b) Procedure for converting Direct speech into Indirect speech - Rules for converting Direct speech into Indirect speech - Change in pronouns - Change in tenses - Change in modals - Changes for Imperative sentences - Changes for Exclamatory sentences - Changes for Interrogative sentences - Punctuation in Direct speech c) Rules for converting Indirect speech into Direct speech (vi) Active Passive Voice: Introduction a) Usage: Active vs. passive voice b) Reasons for using Passive voice c) Changing Passive voice to Active voice d) Changing Active voice to Passive voice e) Suggestions for using Active and Passive voice (vii) Verbs Voice Active or passive (viii) Exercises |
Vocabulary Root Words, Synonyms, Antonyms, Prefixes, Suffixes), Phrasal verbs, Collocations and Idioms. | (i) Introduction (ii) Significance of improving vocabulary (iii) How to improve vocabulary (iv) Root words (v) Synonyms and Antonyms (vi) Words formed by using Prefixes (vii) Words formed by using Suffixes (viii) Phrasal verbs (ix) Collocations (x) Idioms (xi) Exercises |
Comprehension Passages | (i) Introduction to Comprehension Passages (ii) Points to ponder (iii) Sample Passages with answers (iv) Exercises |
Note Making | (i) Introduction to Note Making (ii) Significance of Note Making (iii) Detailed Format Heading (Title) - a) Sub-heading b) Indentation c) Points d) Use of abbreviations e) Summary f) Content g) Expression (iv) Steps to Comprehend and summarize a text (v) Helpful Hints (vi) Sample Passages with Notes (vii) Exercises |
Introduction to Basic Writing | (i) Introduction (ii) Process of writing (iii) Styles of Writing (iv) Significance of writing skills for students (v) Writing Conventions (vi) Characteristics of good writing (vii) Do’s and Don’ts of good writing |
Précis Writing | (i) What is Précis writing? (ii) Features of good Précis writing (iii) How to write a Précis (iv) Do’s and Don’ts of Précis writing (v) Examples (Passages with Précis) (vi) Exercises |
Article Writing | (i) What is an Article? (ii) Essential elements of Article Writing (iii) Detailed Format - a) Title b) By- Writer’s Name c) Body - Introduction - Main Idea-Support - Conclusion d) Sample Articles e) Exercises |
Report Writing | (i) What is a Report? (ii) Essential elements of Report Writing (iii) Kinds of Reports - a) Reporting for a Meeting/Assembly b) Reporting for a Newspaper c) Reporting for a Magazine (iv) Detailed Format for (iii) above - a) Title b) By- Writer’s Name c) Place, Date d) Body - What - When - Where - Who - How, e) Tips and Conventions of Report Writing f) Sample Reports g) Exercises |
Writing Formal Letters | (i) Types of Letters - a) Circulars b) Complaints c) Memos d) Promotional Content e) Sales f) Recovery/Remittances (ii) Detailed format for (i) above a) Date b) Salutation c) Subject d) Body of the Letter - First paragraph - Second paragraph e) Complimentary Closure (iii) Points to Remember (iv) Sample Letters (v) Exercises |
Writing Formal Mails | (i) How to Write a Formal Mail? (ii) Writing Effective Mails (iii) Essential elements of Mails - a) Subject line b) Formal Greetings c) Target Audience(Reader) d) Clarity and Conciseness e) Formal Closing f) Proofread g) Feedback (iv) Tips and Conventions of Mails (v) Sample Mails (vi) Exercises |
Resume Writing | (i) Essential Elements of Resume - a) Name and contact details b) Objective Summary c) Academic Qualifications and Achievements d) Co-curricular Achievements e) Training Programs attended/completed f) Strengths g) Interests/Hobbies h) Declaration i) Signature (ii) Resume Writing Tips and Conventions (iii) Sample Resumes (iv) Exercises |
Meetings | (i) Notice (ii) Agenda (iii) Drafting minutes (iv) Action Taken Report |
Paper-3: Business Mathematics, Logical Reasoning and Statistics (Part – A. Business Mathematics (40 Marks))
Objective: (a) To develop an understanding of the basic mathematical and statistical tools and their application in Business, Finance and Economics. (b) To develop logical reasoning skills and apply the same in simple problem-solving. | |
Topics | Sub-Topics |
Ratio and Proportion, Indices and Logarithms | Ratio and Proportion (Business Applications related to Ration and Proportion) Laws of Indices, Exponents and Logarithms and Anti Logarithms. |
Equations | Simultaneous linear equations up to three variables, Quadratic and Cubic equations in one variable |
Linear Inequalities with Objective Functions and Optimization w.r.t. objective function. | |
Time value of Money | (i) Simple Interest (ii) Compound interest (iii) Depreciation (iv) Effective Rate of Interest (v) Present Value (vi) Net Present Value (vii) Future Value (viii) Perpetuity (ix) Annuities (x) Sinking Funds (xi) Valuation of Bonds (xii) Calculating of EMI (xiii) Calculations of Returns:
|
Permutations and Combinations | Basic concepts of Permutations and Combinations: Introduction, the Factorial, Permutations, results, Circular Permutations, Permutations with restrictions, Combinations with standard results. |
Sequence and Series | Introduction Sequences, Series, Arithmetic and Geometric progression, Relationship between AM and GM and Sum of n terms of special series |
Sets, Relations and Functions | |
Basic applications of Differential and Integral calculus (Excluding the trigonometric applications), Applications of Marginal Cost and Marginal Revenue etc., |
Paper-3: Business Mathematics, Logical Reasoning and Statistics (Part – B: Logical Reasoning (20 Marks))
Topics | |
1. Number Series, Coding and Decoding and odd man out. 2. Direction Tests 3. Seating Arrangements 4. Blood Relations |
Paper-3: Business Mathematics, Logical Reasoning and Statistics (Part – C: Statistics (40 Marks))
Topics | Sub-Topics |
Statistical description of Data | Diagrammatic representation of data, Frequency distribution, Graphical representation of Frequency Distribution – Histogram, Frequency Polygon, Ogive, Pie-chart |
Measures of Central tendency and Dispersion | Mean Median, Mode, Mean Deviation, Quartiles and Quartile Deviation, Standard Deviation, Coefficient of Variation, Coefficient of Quartile Deviation. |
Probability | Independent and dependent events; mutually exclusive events. Total and Compound Probability and Mathematical Expectation. |
Theoretical Distributions | Binomial Distribution, Poisson distribution – Basic application and Normal Distribution – Basic applications |
Correlation and Regression | Correlation and Regression: Scatter diagram, Karl Pearson’s Coefficient of Correlation Rank Correlation, Probable Error and Probable limits. Regression lines, Regression equations, Regression coefficients |
Index Numbers | Uses of Index Numbers, Problems involved in the construction of Index Numbers, Methods of construction of Index Numbers |
Paper-4: Business Economics and Business and Commercial Knowledge (Part 1 - Business Economics (60 Marks))
Objective: To develop an understanding of the concepts and theories in Business Economics and apply such concepts and theories in simple problem-solving. | |
Topics | Sub-Topics |
Introduction to Business Economics | (i) Meaning and scope of Business Economics (ii) Basic Problems of an Economy and Role of Price Mechanism. |
Theory of Demand and Supply | (i) Meaning and determinants of demand, Law of demand and Elasticity of demand ─ Price, income and cross elasticity (ii) Theory of consumer’s behaviour – Marshallian approach and Indifference curve approach (iii) Meaning and determinants of supply, Law of supply and Elasticity of supply. (iv) Demand Forecasting |
Theory of Production and Cost | (i) Meaning and Factors of production (ii) Laws of Production – The Law of Variable proportions and Laws of Returns to Scale, Producer’s equilibrium (iii) Concepts of Costs ─ Short-run and long-run costs, Average and marginal costs, Total, fixed and variable costs. |
Price Determination in Different Markets | (i) Various forms of markets – Perfect Competition, Monopoly, Monopolistic Competition and Oligopoly (ii) Price determination in these markets |
Business Cycles | (i) Meaning (ii) Phases (iii) Features. (iv) Causes behind these Cycles. |
Paper-4: Business Economics and Business and Commercial Knowledge (Part 2 - Business and Commercial Knowledge (40 Marks))
Objective: To develop an understanding of common business and commercial concepts and to keep abreast with developments in the business and commercial world | |
Topics | Sub-Topics |
Business and Commercial Knowledge – An Introduction | Nature of Business, Profession and Employment. Objectives of Business. Economic and Non-Economic Activities, Forms of Business Organizations. |
Business Environment | Micro and Macro Environment, Elements of Micro Environment – Consumers/Customers, Competitors, Organization, Market, suppliers, Intermediaries, Elements of Macro Environment – Demographic, Economic, Political-legal, Socio-cultural, Technological, Global Environment |
Business Organizations | Overview of selected Indian and Global Companies. |
Government Policies for Business Growth | Policies creating a conducive business environment such as Liberalization, Privatization, Foreign Direct Investment |
Organizations Facilitating Business | (i) Indian Regulatory Bodies – RBI, SEBI, CCI, IRDAI (ii) Indian Development Banks – NABARD |
Common Business Terminologies | (i) Finance and Stock & Commodity Markets Terminology. (ii) Marketing Terminology. (iii) Banking Terminology. (iv) Other Business Terminology |
CA Foundation 2023 Exam Pattern
Having insights about the exam pattern will help candidates in formulating their preparation plan and studying accordingly. Knowing how many questions the candidates have to answer within a specific time frame will help candidates evaluating their average answer time.
Exam Pattern
Duration of the question papers |
|
Question Type |
|
Marks | Each paper will be of 100 marks. |
Total marks | 400 |
Marking scheme | For subjective (Paper 1 and 2) - NO negative marking |
Medium of exam | English/Hindi except for Paper 2 (section b which will be in English only) |
Apart from brushing up on their knowledge and conceptual understanding through the official ICAI Foundation syllabus, candidates enrolled for the Chartered Accountancy course should always stay updated with the commercial world by reading a financial newspaper or a business magazine on day to day basis.
Frequently Asked Question (FAQs) - CA Foundation Syllabus & Subjects 2023 - Paper Wise Syllabus, Important Topics, Pattern
Question: Where can I find the CA Foundation syllabus 2023?
Answer:
CA Foundation syllabus is available on the official website of ICAI under BoS Knowledge Portal of ICAI.
Question: Can I download CA Foundation syllabus free of charge?
Answer:
Yes, the syllabus is available on the official website free of charge. ICAI does not charge any additional fee to allow candidates to download the syllabus.
Question: What is included in the syllabus of CA foundation exam?
Answer:
Complete details related to the topics and subtopics covered in the syllabus along with the purpose of the study.
Question: Is the CA foundation exam 2023 MCQ based?
Answer:
As per the paper pattern, Paper 1 and 2 of the CA Foundation exam are subjective and Paper 3 and 4 are objective in nature.
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Questions related to CA Foundation Exam
How many students give CA Foundation exam every year?
Every year, more than 90,000 students appear in CA Foundation exam in every session. The CA Foundation result Dec 2022 pass percentage will be released along with the CA Foundation result.
when ca foundation exam form for nov 2022 exam will open
Dear candidate,
I would like to tell you that the form are already open for November 2022 exam from 10th of August and the last date to submit the form is 31st August. Last date with the late fee is 7th November 2022.
You can view all these details on the official website of ICAI and also apply online by filling the form online. All the best.
I USED NON HB PENCIL TO FILL CIRCLES ON OMR SHEET IN CA FOUNDATION EXAM , WILL MY OMR SHEET CHECK ??
Dear aspirant,
Dont worry, if you have used NON-HB Pencil to fill circles on OMR sheet, OMR will be checked. Proper imprint is needed for the checking. So hopefully problem will not occur. Make sure from next time use pen or HB pencil and make the impressions or imprint more prominently.
can i register now for Ca foundation November
Hello,
The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India (ICAI) has OPENED the registration for CA Foundation 2022 November session in online mode. ICAI allows the candidates to register through their official website at icai.org. The last date for CA Foundation November/December 2022 exam is July 1. The last date was 1st July so now you will not be able to fill out the form. As the last date is passed there is no way to fill out the application form now. There are no age limit restrictions for candidates for registering in the CA Foundation exam. so you can try next year again.
Is BBOSE is valid for CA foundation exam
Hello Aspirant,
I hope you are doing well.
The first level exam for chartered accountancy in India is called the CPT, or common proficiency test. You only need to finish two years of higher education, including any diploma courses taken after the tenth grade from a board recognised by the federal or state governments, to be qualified for the CPT exam. If you are in your first year of an online graduating course or have previously received your diploma, you are also eligible.
A board recognised by the government is called the Bihar Board of Open Schooling Examination (BBOSE). Therefore, the CPT examination will be available to all BBOSE students.
I hope this helps.
Good Luck